Principles Of Forward Kinematics

!±8± Principles Of Forward Kinematics

Let's do a little animation on an articulated wooden man. Before we begin, make sure to organize him hierarchically so he can be moved easily. Now, let's rotate him so he is facing the mirror.

Now we can use Forward Kinematics to rotate the biceps of the wooden man to his sides. Now, record a keyframe for the shoulders to give your computer a starting point. Then move the current time marker to about 30 frames and repose the dummy using FK by moving the biceps, then the forearm, and finally the hand into a buff posing position, and then record a keyframe. Repeat the process for the other arm, record a keyframe, and then refine the head and neck so the dummy is looking at the mirror.

We can further refine this particular pose by moving the current time marker back to 0 frames and recording a keyframe for the chest. Then move the current time marker back to 30 frames and rotate the chest forward and the head up. Record a keyframe. We will use IK to animate the lower body. First, be sure to create an effector or a null object that will nail down the ankles of the character. Create a goal object, or IK target, at the base of each heel.

Then, assign each leg to point toward its respective goal or target. Now, record a keyframe for the target or goal at 0 frames. Move the current time marker to 15 frames, then move the target into the air as the first part of a step forward, and watch the leg follow into position. Record a keyframe. Next, move the current time marker to 30 frames and place the target/goal on the floor again a little in front of the original position.

Record a keyframe and then adjust the angle on the back foot to show that there is no weight on it since all the weight has shifted to the front foot. The motion of the dummy making a pose in front of the mirror is complete. Now that we have spent all this time looking at IK and FK chains and how they work, let's take a look at a couple of ways that bones can be used besides chains. When a bone is attached to a group of polygons, all those polygons are affected no matter how the bone is altered.

Most IK and FK functions are focused on the idea of bone rotation. However, bones can also be resized, and the polygons attached will resize as well. Figure 10.18 is a simple sphere with one bone set in the middle. This may seem an overly simple example; after all, this sphere could simply be resized without the use of bones.

However, with complex models, one bone can control a multitude of objects and shapes even if they are not grouped. Bones can also be created and set up in nonchain formats. These two bones are set up in tangent to the oil tank shape, but still are just as effective.

Principles Of Forward Kinematics

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8 Beading Tips - How to Make Your Beading Projects Easy and Fun

!±8± 8 Beading Tips - How to Make Your Beading Projects Easy and Fun

Beading is a great way to let your creative side out. And some beading projects are very easy. You can easily make your own beaded necklace, bracelet or earrings. Here are several important tips for beginner beaders that will help you avoid common mistakes and make your beading projects easier and more fun.

1 Space your beads

Some types of beads especially semi-precious, Swarovski, glass and pearl beads require a spacer between them. You have two options - make a simple knot between your beads, or insert a decorative spacer. I prefer spacers, because they make the design more interesting. It is best to use silver or gold spacers with expensive beads - they won't loose the shine as they age.

2 Use a beading board

Before putting your beads on a wire lay them out on a jewelry layout board. You can buy these boards in any shop that sells, craft supplies, beads and beading tools. The board lets you see, how your design will work before you connect everything. If you don't have a board, use a plain light bath towel, so your beads don't scatter.

3 Don't let your beads roll

Even if you use a beading board, it is a good idea to cover the table you work on with a towel. Beads rolling all over the table can drive you crazy, but a towel will prevent it. Also, if you have a cat, cover your work with another towel, if you leave even for a few minutes. My cat can destroy hours of work in less then 30 seconds.

4 Cut enough string

If you are going to use knots, then cut the string 4 times longer than finished project plus a few extra inches, otherwise 2 times longer. Also you can fold your string twice or even four times, to make it stronger. This is particularly true if you use heavy glass beads and large beads.

5 String color is important

Your don't always have to use white string, buy a string that matches the color of your beads for this project. If you can't find a string in that particular shade, take a white one and dye it, any permanent marker would do the job.

6 Be careful - strings stretch

In my first beaded necklaces I always had this problem - you finish a necklace, than after a day of wearing it the string stretches and beads are no longer tight together, looks awful. To avoid this, after all the beads are on, hang your necklace for a day or so, than do the final knotting or attach clasps.

7 Secure the ends

Final knots are important, it is best to use square knots and tighten them firmly. Then apply some jewelers glue to your knots and only after that cut the loose ends

8 Be kind to your eyes

Beading for several hours can give you a bad eye strain, especially if you are working with seed beads. So always have a good light on, a desk lamp is best. Another useful tool would be a magnifying glass. It will also help keep your project neat and avoid small mistakes.

Happy beading!

8 Beading Tips - How to Make Your Beading Projects Easy and Fun

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Rectangle 3 LED Magnifying Desk Lamp Magnifier Light

!±8± Rectangle 3 LED Magnifying Desk Lamp Magnifier Light

www.sourcingmap.com This is a Rectangle Magnifying Desk Lamp LED Magnifier Light. The Desk Lamp Magnifier with plastic rotating shaft, can be bent into various shapes and the lens height and position are adjustable freely. This Magnifying Desk Lamp is an ideal tool for people who are engaged jobs such as reading, needlework, craft, coin, stamp and so on.

Rectangle 3 LED Magnifying Desk Lamp Magnifier Light

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